Analyzed The Electrical Performance Of Solar Panel For Improved Performances.

ABSTRACT

The quest for efficient and sustainable energy sources has led to the widespread adoption of solar panels as a prominent solution. In this project, we delve into the intricacies of solar panel technology, specifically focusing on the comprehensive analysis of their electrical performance for the purpose of achieving enhanced efficiency. By examining key factors that influence solar panel performance, including sunlight intensity, temperature effects, shading, dust accumulation, and degradation over time, we unravel the complex interplay between environmental conditions and technological design. Moreover, we explore recent technological advancements and emerging trends in materials, designs, and manufacturing techniques that are reshaping the solar energy landscape. By investigating innovative solutions that address challenges in solar panel performance, such as dynamic tracking algorithms and self-cleaning coatings, we illuminate pathways to optimize energy generation and harness the full potential of solar energy. Through an extensive literature review and empirical analyses, this project aims to provide valuable insights that contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of solar panel systems, ultimately driving sustainable energy practices and fostering a more energy-conscious future.

 ABSTRACT

The quest for efficient and sustainable energy sources has led to the widespread adoption of solar panels as a prominent solution. In this project, we delve into the intricacies of solar panel technology, specifically focusing on the comprehensive analysis of their electrical performance for the purpose of achieving enhanced efficiency. By examining key factors that influence solar panel performance, including sunlight intensity, temperature effects, shading, dust accumulation, and degradation over time, we unravel the complex interplay between environmental conditions and technological design. Moreover, we explore recent technological advancements and emerging trends in materials, designs, and manufacturing techniques that are reshaping the solar energy landscape. By investigating innovative solutions that address challenges in solar panel performance, such as dynamic tracking algorithms and self-cleaning coatings, we illuminate pathways to optimize energy generation and harness the full potential of solar energy. Through an extensive literature review and empirical analyses, this project aims to provide valuable insights that contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of solar panel systems, ultimately driving sustainable energy practices and fostering a more energy-conscious future.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Currently the world is facing the problem of energy deficit, global warming, and deterioration of environment and energy sources; there is a need for an alternative energy resource for power generation other than use of fossil fuels, water and wind. Fossil fuel will get depleted in next few decades, hydro power plants depend on annual rainfall and wind power depends on climate changes. Like water and air, the sun is one of earth’s life support system providing heat and light. Solar energy which is renewable widely available and clean provides enough energy to meet the worlds annual consumption needs. The power from the sun intercepted by the earth is approximately 1.8×1011MW which is larger than the present consumption rate on the earth of all commercial energy sources. Thus solar energy could supply all the present and future energy needs of the world on a continuing basis. This makes it one of the most promising of the unconventional energy sources. One of the major technologies used for harnessing the solar energy is photovoltaic solar technology. In photovoltaic solar technology a panel consisting of many solar cells is used. A solar cell is a semiconductor device that directly converts the energy from sunlight into electrical energy through the process of photovoltaic. The photovoltaic cell (solar cell) converts only a small fraction (~ less than 20%) of the

irradiance into electrical energy the valances’ converted into heating of the cell. One of the important parameters that affect the energy output of the PV module or the system is the operating temperature. The electrical efficiency of the cells decreases with temperature increase. Cooling can improve the electrical production of standard flat panel PV modules, since cooling keeps the PV cells from reaching temperature at which irreversible damage occurs. It has been found that the efficiency and output power of PV module is inversely proportional to its temperature.

Today, increasing energy needs have also caused the increasing demand for renewable energy sources. It is foreseen that the energy demand will increase day by day because of the development of technology and the growing population. For this reason, the highest efficiency must be obtained from renewable energy sources. It is possible to examine energy sources in two classes as renewable and unrenewable. Energy sources, which run out when they are used and which take very long periods for renewal, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, are called unrenewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources are defined as those that can regenerate themselves at an equal rate of the energy source or faster than the rate at which the resources run out. Today, solar and wind energy are the most frequently investigated and frequently preferred types of energy in renewable energy sources. In addition to these energy sources, geothermal, biomass, and hydroelectric power plants are also used as renewable energy sources. The availability of solar energy is influenced by location, latitude, elevation, seasons  and  time  of  the  day.  However,  the  largest  factors  affecting  the availability  of  solar  energy  are  cloud  cover,  and  other  industrial  and meteorological parameters and conditions which vary with location and time. Mustapha et al., (2013) Solar panels that absorbs energy from the sun to yield direct current electricity are known as photovoltaic’s. A photovoltaic (PV) module is a wired, packaged assembly  of  photovoltaic  solar  cells  that  come  with  various  voltages  and wattages. To get  the adequate working voltage,  PV cells are normally  linked in  series  to  form  a  module  in  majority  of  commercial  PV  products.  PV modules  are  then  connected  in  a  series-parallel  configuration  to  obtain  the desired power output Vidyananda, (2017). A solar panel is made up of 6×10 solar cells in most cases.  Depending  on  the  form  and  quality  of  solar  cells  employed,  the efficiency and wattage production  can  vary. A solar  module’s energy  output can  vary  from  100  to  365W  of  Direct  Current  electricity.  The higher the wattage output, the more energy per solar module is generated. Akpabio et al., (2015). The effectiveness of an outdoor PV module’s  is resolute  by a variation of factors. Some of these issues are caused by the module itself, while others are caused by the place and surroundings Akif et al.,(2011).  Solar irradiance, tilt-angle, shading, module temperature, fill-factor, material degradation, soiling, PID, parasitic resistances, and other major factors are just a few of them.Solar PV systems producers usually guarantee the Caused by modules efficiency for  about 25  years. The initial years of the panel life, solar PV panels normally degrade at  a faster  rate. Solar panels’ rated power output degrades at a  rate  of  about 0.5%  per  year. Materials of low quality  or  production  defects. Module failures  and  output  losses  are  most  often  the  result  of  gradual  accumulated  damages  caused  by  long-term outdoor exposure in harsh environments Udoakah and Okpura (2015). PV module output can vary greatly depending on light conditions, which has a large outcome on PV device yield. Many of the parameters of a PV module are affected by changes in the strength of solar radiation.

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Solar  energy  is  an  energy  source  that  uses  the  sun  energy  to  produce

electricity.  Solar panel are technologies used  to harness  the sun’s energy for

electricity production.  Mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline are  the  most

commercially used  technology.

• PROBLEM STATEMENT

The measured performance of solar panel is found less than designed condition due to dust settle on solar panel and moisture content in atmosphere settle on panel and excessive heat significantly reduces the overall efficiency of the solar panel. As the temperature increases the voltage output decreases linearly. Hence to counter this problem cooling system is placed so as to eliminate excessive heating of the panel.

1.3     AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of this project is to Analyzed the Electrical Performance of Solar Panel for Improved performances.

• THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY;

1. Solar energy has the least negative impact on the environment compared to any other energy source.
2. It does not produce greenhouse gases and does not pollute the water. It also requires very little water for its maintenance, unlike nuclear power plants for example, needing 20 times more water.

• Solar energy production does not create any noise, which is major benefit, since a lot of solar installations are in urban areas, such as domestic
  

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  Pages:  61

  Category: Project

  Format:  Word & PDF               

  Chapters: 1-5                                          

  Source: Imsuinfo

  Material contains Table of Content, Abstract and References.