Survey on the use of Teaching Aids in English Studies in Secondary Schools in Ibusa, Delta State

ABSTRACT

This study survey the use of teaching aids in English studies in secondary schools in Delta State. The research was guided with four purposes and four research questions. Survey design was adopted and the population of the study comprised of all English teachers in all the government secondary schools in Oshimili North Local Government Area. Since the population is small, the researcher used all the population as the sample size. Data collected was analyzed using statistical mean and standard deviation. The study revealed that majority of the teachers use teaching aids in teaching English studies so as to influence students’ performance, majority of teachers select relevant teaching aids so as to influence the teaching of English studies, teaching aids are available to teachers of English studies to a low extent and majority of the teachers improvise teaching aids to facilitate the teaching of English studies in Oshimili North Local Government Area. The research recommended among others that government and school heads should ensure the provision of teaching aids in secondary schools are properly utilized during instructions.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background to the study

Teaching is a process of imparting skills and knowledge into the learner in order to bring positive or desirable change on the individual. As the individual receives education, there will be a desirable change on the part of the individual which makes him to adjust to the present condition of living.

However, teaching is a part of education while knowledge and skills are products of education. Education according to Tirri and Ubani (2013) is the socially organized and regulated transference of socially significant experience from previous to following generations. It is the aggregate of all the processes by which a person develops his abilities, attitude and other forms of behaviour of positive and meaningful values in the society in which he lives. On the other hand, the process of teaching and learning is accomplished in a well organized system of learning condition called classroom. The classroom is an enclosure that is especially organized and built to facilitate teaching and learning process.

Lambot (2019) noted that a teacher is a person whose profession is teaching or transferring knowledge to the other. The teacher is an expert in his own field who is capable of imparting knowledge that will help learners to acquire skills that will be used to face the challenges of life. The teacher guides and directs the learner to be self-reliant, useful to the nation and the society where he belongs. On the other hand, the leaner is the person to whom the knowledge and skills are being imparted. Therefore, the leaner is the students in the educational concept who listen attentively to the teacher with great interest while the teacher imparts the knowledge for desirable changes.

Education can be formal, informal and no-formal. Formal education refers to the organized school system which is child-centred. It is the process the process of teaching and learning which is produced through a regulated educational space such as school, university and the result derived from a certification.

Informal education is a cultural education. It is the process of transmitting the accumulated wisdom and knowledge of the society from one generation to the next and the preparation of the young people for their future membership of the society. Informal education is unsystematic, unorganized and unplanned e.g the knowledge, belief, moral, laws, customs, habits and social legacy, the individuals acquire from the families.

Non-formal education means an organised systematical educational activity carried out outside the framework of the formal system to provide selective type of learning to a particular sub-group. Such subgroups include the family improvement education, occupation education, basic or general education.

However, the process of teaching and learning cannot be effectively accomplished without the use of certain materials which aid the learning processes. These materials are called teaching aids. Teaching English Studies without relevant teaching aids leads to poor performance in other subjects.

Teaching aids facilitates teaching and learning activities and subsequently, the attainment of the lesson objectives. However, this depends on the adequacy and appropriateness of materials so selected. This in effect means that learning resources are not selected haphazardly (Olabiyi, 2015). Indeed teaching aids to be used should be carefully selected by the teachers. Isiola (2010) also emphasised that oral reports require visual aids and improvisation. Improvisation is the art of providing the alternative or next to real thing when the real thing is not available of difficult to come by. It is therefore important that teachers of English studies use teaching aids or improvise to make learning easy, enjoyable and permanent. There is therefore great need for teachers of English studies who want to be effective at their work to be able to use available teaching aids as well  as improvise where they are not readily available. The obvious fact remains that people remember those they have seen, touched and even played with. The primary task of teaching is to facilitate effective learning and understanding of the content materials. Teaching aids which appeal to all learners’ understanding of language phenomena should be encouraged for use in our schools.

• Statement of the Problem

The art of teaching is fundamentally concerned with passing ideas, skills and attitude from the teacher to the learner. In Nigeria, for example experience has shown that spoken words alone in the communication of ideas are grossly in effective and efficient in producing learning outcomes. Every year when the results of public examination are released, a lot of students fail in English studies. The reason for this could be as ascribed to the fact that teaching English Language as a second language in Nigeria pose serious problem of comprehension to students.

The effects of mother tongue interference also poses challenges to learners, this subject cannot be taught effectively without the use of relevant teaching aids to make the learning practical rather than purely theoretical.

For quite some times now, the teaching of English studies has suffered in the hands of un-resourceful and un-motivated teachers, especially at the secondary school level. Many teachers at this level just make do of the chalkboard, textbook and lesson note which has made it difficult for their learners to understand the lesson. It has been observed that the English studies teachers do not accompany their lesson with relevant teaching aids such as audio aids, visual aids and audio-visual aids. This may be as a result of lack of resourcefulness or lack of innovativeness or gross incompetents of the teachers. Whichever is the case, this lack of teaching aid constitutes a great deal of problem for effective teaching of the subject.

1.3. Purpose of the Study

This study focuses primarily on the survey of the sue of teaching aids in English studies in secondary schools in Oshimili North Local Government Area of Delta State. Specifically, the study set out to achieve the following objectives:

1. To determine the effects of teaching aids on students performance in English studies.
2. To find out why secondary school teachers find it difficult to select relevant teaching aids towards the teaching of English studies.
3. To find out to what extent teaching aids are available in teaching English studies.
4. To determine the possible way of improvising the teaching aids that will facilitate the of English studies.

1.4 Research Questions

1. To what extent would the use of teaching aids in teaching English studies influence the students’ performance?
2. To what extent would the selection of relevant materials influence the teaching of English studies?
3. To what extent are teaching aids available to students of English studies?
4. To what extent do teachers improvise teaching aids to facilitate the teaching of English studies?

1.5 Significance of the Study

The essence of any research endeavor is an addition to the academic satisfaction, to find solution to the numerous problems confronting man in attempt to actualize himself in the context of the society. The study would be of great benefit to the students, younger generation researchers, teachers and the government.

The study would help the students to develop analytic enquiry, motivate to produce their own materials and provide experience that are not easily obtained within the classroom environment.

The research would be of help to the younger generation researchers who wish to conduct similar research on the field.

The study will serve as a useful material for teaching of English studies and make them see the need of making use of teaching aids for English studies lessons.

Finally, this research will be useful to government as findings of this studies as well as recommendations could be used by the ministry of education as framework to organize seminars and workshops to train secondary school teachers on how to teach English studies effectively

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study confined to selected secondary schools in Delta State. Specifically, the following areas will be covered, the concept of teaching aids, types, importance, principles guiding the selection, utilization of teaching aids and improvisation of teaching aids.

1.7 Area of the Study

The study was carried out in Oshimili North Local Government Area of Delta State. Oshimili North Local Government has its headquarters at Akwukwu-Igbo and comprises of others towns and villages like Achalla-Ibusa, Akwukwu-Igbo, Ebu, Atuma-Iga, Ibusa, Illah, ukuala-Okpunor, Okpanam and Ugbolu. Oshimili North has an area of 509.2km², latitude 6.3227⁰ or 6⁰ 19¹ 21.8¹¹ North; Longitude 6.6445⁰  or 6⁰ 38¹ 40¹¹ East and a population of 140,431,790 at the 2006 Census. However, the secondary schools selected for this study are within the Ibusa Metropolis.

1.8 Definition of Terms

• English studies: it is an academic discipline taught in primary, secondary and post-secondary education in English speaking countries.
• Teaching Aids: Teaching aids are those materials designed to make a lesson or the learning process move meaningfully.
• Secondary Schools: Secondary schools are educational institutions where the second stage of the three schooling periods take place. It follows elementary or primary education and is sometimes followed by university education.
• Survey: Survey means to ask questions or series of question in order to gain information about what most people do or think about something.

Pages:  50

Category: Project

Format:  Word & PDF               

Chapters: 1-5                                          

Source: Imsuinfo

Material contains Table of Content, Abstract and References.