Impact of supervision on job performance of teachers in public secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State

Impact of supervision on job performance of teachers in public secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State

ABSTRACT

This study examined the impact of supervision on job performance of teachers in public secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State. Four research questions were raised to guide the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Population of the study comprised of 100 teachers in some selected secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra state. The sample for the study comprised of 50 respondents (15 males and 35 females). Government of Anambra state. The research instrument used in this study is a structured questionnaire designed by the researcher. The title of the instrument was; Impact of supervision on job performance Questionnaire (ISJPQ). The project supervisor critically, analytically and logically examine the instruments relevance of the contents and statements and then made the instrument valid for the study. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the instrument. A co-efficient value of 0.64 indicated that the research instrument was relatively reliable. The researcher administered fifty (50) copies of the instrument personally and forty-seven (47) copies, representing 94% were retrieved and analyzed using mean and standard deviation statistics. Findings of the study among others revealed that supervision has a positive impact job performance of teachers in public secondary schools to a high extent and there are factors within supervision that affect the job performance of teachers in public secondary schools. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that government should ensure constant supervision in secondary schools to enhance teachers’ job performance. 

  CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the study

Teaching and learning are activities of the school. Supervision has been conceived as the improvement of teaching and learning process for the ultimate benefit of the learner who is regarded as the pivot of education. In the same vein, Supervision is essentially a leadership function, a kind of superior subordinate relationship, where a leader or an officer instructs, oversees and corrects subordinates in order to enhance effective performance. Supervision is needed in effective and efficient school activities, so that educators can provide leadership to the teachers and other educational workers in the improvement of instruction. Fisher (2011).

Supervision of teacher is the means by which subordinate staff of the school are mobilized and motivated towards the full attainment of the goals and objectives of the school they serve. Supervision ensures that the right thing is done through direction and monitoring of teacher activities in school. That is making checks and balances to some specially assigned duties.

Key (2015) defines Supervision in education as “that phase of school administration which focuses primarily on the achievement of education aims and objectives. He further opines that supervision is an activity which involves guiding refreshing, encouraging, improving and overseeing the teaching and learning with the hope of asking that co-operation of the teachers in order for the supervisor to be successful in his supervisory functions.

The major goal of most nations of the world has been the achievement of educational excellence. This is so, because education has been adjudged the key with any nation could permanently close the door of poverty and ignorance, and simultaneously open the door of prosperity in terms of economic buoyancy, social advancement and civilization. Since education is accepted to be an instrument of change alongside the element of growth, teachers are the operators of the instrument while the students could be regarded as the raw materials on which the changes would be manifested over a period of time.

However, both the teacher and students’ input are quite important and relevant to the school system, for they are the principal actors on stage. In the process of teaching and learning, some extraneous variables sometimes interfere with the plans and patterns of operation within the school, the teachers personality, his attitude to work, motivation, discipline, student background and environment which would individually or collectively have either positive or negative effects on the school system and its end results.

The process of supervision is complex and it pervades the whole structure of the school system. There seems to be little or no area of operation within the school where the need for supervision would not arise, but it may be in varying degrees. Teachers have been accused of divided loyalty, non-chalant attitude and indiscipline among the teacher and the students was also discovered. There is a constant comparison of the past with the present, more especially when government or voluntary agencies or school inspectors are compared with those of today. Parents do complain about their children or ward’s inability to communicate effectively in other languages apart from their mother tongue. With this, they thought the school system is fast losing its glamour and orientation, which is indirectly affecting the attainment of the national aims of education. It is therefore very importance for these concerns to critically look into the crucial areas within the school system that requires supervision, these are the instructional and discipline areas, where both the content method and mode of delivery and personality of both the student and the teachers are examined to ensure their adequacy for the school system (Ajibade, 2012).

In teaching and learning situation, the materials to be transformed are the children. The people involved in the process of transforming the child in the school are the teachers who are the academically qualified personnel’s being appointed to involve in this channel. Well qualified Teachers are also made head teachers in school to co-ordinate the work of the teachers involved in the teaching of their various special subjects.

The secondary schools system in Anambra State has under gone series of changes in administration, as there was a period when the secondary schools were been managed under the voluntary agencies like the Baptist, Roman Catholic, Private Owners and others together with the Local Education Authority. During those day’s principals of secondary schools were chosen by the administrative assistance of various agencies and the local education officer. At this period of time no university agreed rules and policy exists as such voluntary agency has her own criteria. The principal at that time worked in close relation with the administrative assistance in the running of the secondary school since the quality of an educational system of a country depends to a large extent on the qualities of the leaders, thus the opportunity open to principals in participating in the teaching and learning format of the school was inadequate as it did not allow for principals initiatives. The principal plays an important role in determines the kind of human being those students under his control will be later in the adult life. Therefore, it is advisable for the principal to know those qualities that are expected of him.

The Effect of supervision on teachers ensure proper function and mutual interaction of both human and non-human resources involved in the processing of the child and harmonize the efforts of all designated school personnel. The adverse effects of supervision may lead to a situation instead of being objective, he will be subjective and this supervision may lead to a situation whereby both the student and the teachers put in their very best in order to satisfy the principal, after which they withdraw their efforts at the end of supervision. This leads to a kind of eye service performance in the school.

Regular and thorough inspection of secondary school will meet the challenge posed by the rapidly changing school curriculum. It will also prevent the inculcation of poor curriculum into the mind of the student which if allowed to be taught would lead to the promotion of “half naked” school leavers and instead turning out productive student they will graduate to be liabilities to themselves in particular and to the society in general, therefore make the aims and purpose of education to be defeated. How best to get the optimum out of the school system in face of declining input has been a major problem facing the school system. How best to make both the learner and the teacher productive has also been the source of anxiety within and outside the school system. Generally, how to make the school system responsive to the need of the society individually and collectively has been a major concern for all the citizenry.

However, when all resources are in place, the need to monitor the operation within the school system and by making use of the materials or resource effectively so as to get the best out of the school system. Hence, teaching and learning are the major activities going on in the school, therefore, there is a need for efficiency and effectiveness.

This study is therefore carried out to investigate the effect of supervision on teachers’ effectiveness in some selected secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State.

1.2 Statement of the problem

The study is borne out of the teachers’ ineffective teaching performance observed recently in Secondary schools. It is assumed that the achievement of any student may be an indication of the  effectiveness in teaching. The main problem of this study is to find out the effect that supervision has on the effectiveness of teachers’ teaching, and how effective is the supervisory role of the ministry of education on the secondary school. And how teachers of all these selected secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State perform their job.

1.3 Aims & objectives of the study

The Purpose of this study is to determine the effects of supervision on teachers towards the effective performance in teaching-learning situation in public secondary schools in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State. It has been realized that one of the most paramount factors that can hinder student’s academic performance in school is in the effectiveness of any given teacher toward students learning abilities.

To determine whether the supervision of teacher’s activities have contributed to their effectiveness in school, it is also necessary to look into teachers’ supervisory role and its outcome. The study is also aimed at detecting how this supervision of teacher would be in continuous form so as to bring about improvement in the school activities especially in secondary schools.

1.4 Research questions

The following research questions guided the study:

1. To what extent does supervision impact the job performance of teachers in public secondary schools?
2. What are the key factors within supervision that affect the job performance of teachers in public secondary schools?
3. Are there differences in the perceptions of teachers regarding the impact of supervision on job performance based on their years of teaching experience?
4. How does the quality of supervisory feedback influence the job performance of teachers in public secondary schools?

1.5 Significance of the study

This study would provide great benefit to teachers, principals, school owners, policy makers and the society at large.

This study would give a better understanding of how supervision affects job performance and can lead to targeted support and feedback for teachers, enhancing their teaching skills and strategies.

This study would help to boost morale, confidence, and job satisfaction among teachers by providing them with the necessary guidance and resources to excel in their roles.

This study also gives an Insight into how effective supervision practices can facilitate career growth opportunities for teachers, enabling them to progress in their profession through improved performance.

This study provides the Knowledge of how supervision impacts teacher performance assists principals in adopting appropriate supervisory methods, fostering a culture of continuous improvement among teachers.

This study also shows how effective supervision can lead to better teacher performance, which, in turn, contributes to improved student outcomes and overall school performance.

This study shows that effective supervision leading to improved teacher performance enhances the reputation and credibility of the school, making it an attractive choice for students and parents.

This study shows that better teacher performance resulting from effective supervision can lead to increased student retention, positively impacting the school’s financial stability.

Understanding the impact of supervision on teacher job performance provides policymakers with valuable insights to develop and implement policies that support effective supervision practices in schools.

This study shows that policies informed by research on supervision can contribute to raising the overall quality of education by emphasizing best practices for teacher support and development.

This study also highlights how improved teacher performance resulting from effective supervision contributes to better-educated citizens, positively impacting society’s intellectual and economic development.

This study also teaches how well-supervised teachers impart quality education, equipping future generations with skills and knowledge crucial for societal progress and competitiveness.

In conclusion, examining the impact of supervision on teacher job performance benefits teachers by enhancing their professional growth, aids school leaders in improving overall school performance, assists policymakers in formulating effective educational policies, and ultimately contributes to societal development by nurturing a well-educated citizens.

1.6 Delimitation of the study

This study is limited to some secondary school’s teachers in Aguata Local Government of Anambra state. In research of this nature, one must anticipate some difficulties to arise particularly in the process of gathering necessary data for the study. Some of these problems may include: –

• Lack of recognition by teacher about the importance of this research study
• Some of them might think of implicating themselves by filling the questionnaires
• Collection of the questionnaire might also pose problem because the teachers might misplace them and another set might need to be distributed.
• Time and financial constrained might also hinder adequate research on the topic of the study.

1.7 Area of the study

Aguata is a local government area in Anambra State, Nigeria. It is located in the southeastern part of the country and is one of the 21 local government areas in Anambra State. The headquarters of Aguata is in the town of Aguata. Aguata is predominantly inhabited by the Igbo people, who are the predominant ethnic group in southeastern Nigeria.

Aguata shares boundaries with several local government areas in Anambra State, Nigeria, as well as neighboring states. Aguata shares a border with Imo State to the south, Abia State to the southeast, Kogi to the north and Delta to the west.

Agriculture is an important economic activity in Aguata. The fertile soil supports the cultivation of crops such as yam, cassava, maize, and vegetables. The area also has a few small-scale industries engaged in processing agricultural produce.

In terms of education, Aguata has several primary and secondary schools, both government-owned and private institutions. Some of which are Umuchu high school, Girls high school Uga, Community seconday school Umuoru, Community secondary school Oraeri, Girls secondary school Achina, Saint peter’s secondary school Umuezeiyi-Achina, Government technical college Umuchu Ozaka-Akokwa, and Federal polytechnic Oko.

Overall, Aguata is a vibrant and culturally rich area in Anambra State, Nigeria, with a predominantly agrarian economy and a strong sense of community.

1.8 Definition of terms

It is important to state the operational definitions of the concepts used or the term used in the study.

The term includes:

Investigation: The act of making enquiry into a particular study at hand. That is, going very deep into a subject matter.

Supervision: This is to see that the right thing is done through directing and proper monitoring. This means acting as a check and balances to some specially assigned duties.

Teachers: Someone who makes other people learn what they may not have known. A teacher is someone whose job is to impact knowledge to others.

Job performance: This is the contribution of an individual to the overall success of an organization.

Secondary school: This is the schooling offered after a primary school, and before higher, optional education.

Pages:  104

Category: Project

Format:  Word & PDF               

Chapters: 1-5                                          

Source: Imsuinfo

Material contains Table of Content, Abstract and References.